информационное письмо
Американский Научный Журнал DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN
Summary. The agrarian and industrial complex is one of important sectors of economy who forms food and
economic safety of the country. In the Republic of Uzbekistan agrarian and industrial complex has good prospects
for the further development: export positions of a clap amplify, fruit-and-vegetable sector, olive, meat sectors
possibilities created and simultaneously demands much of competitiveness of production, as on internal, and
foreign markets. In article questions of the further development of agrarian and industrial complex of the Republic
of Uzbekistan are considered Скачать в формате PDF
58 American Scientific Journal № ( 32) / 20 19
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIC ULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN
Gulamov Saidasror Saidakhmedovich,
Ac ademic, D.Sci., Ph.D. (agricultural sciences), professor
Tashkent agrarian university
Gulamov Saidakhror Saidakhmedovich,
Academic, D.Sci., Ph.D. (econ.), professor
Tashkent agrarian university
Almatova Diloram Saidakhmedovna,
Dr.Sci, Ph.D. (econ.), profe ssor
Tas hkent financial institute
Summary . The agrarian and industrial complex is one of important sectors of economy who forms food and
economic safety of the country. In the Republic of Uzbekistan agrarian and industrial complex has good prospects
for t he furth er development: export positions of a clap amplify, fruit -and -vegetable sector, olive, meat sectors
possibilities created and simultaneously demands much of competitiveness of production, as on internal, and
foreign markets. In article questions of the fur ther development of agrarian and industrial complex of the Republic
of Uzbekistan are considered.
Keywords: economic safety, agrarian and industrial complex, processing of agricultural production,
processing of foodstuff, agricultural manufacture p rocessin g, agricultural products storage.
With a view of increase in volumes of agricultural
manufacture and export development. Processed
agricultural production the maximum coverage of
commodity producers of agriculture by the state
support is provided. The fav orable are created the
conditions and an infrastructure for manufacture and
primary processing and agricultural products storage.
In the past mid -annual rates of increase of volumes
of output of articles of food as a whole were not in time
behind r ates of increase of consumption and population
incomes therefore a free niche in the market it was
filled at the expense of import, and its share in internal
consumption was rather essential. One of current
situation principal causes was backwardness of sy stem
of preparation and advancement of agricultural
production from agriculture commodity producers to
commodity markets, including the enterprises for
processing of agricultural raw materials.
Strengthening of a role of intermediaries in the
realized net works al most completely excluded
interrelation of manufacturers and processing worker of
raw materials. Low procurement prices of agricultural
production did not stimulate increase in their volumes
of output that as a result conducted to a low share of
pro cessing of agricultural raw materials, un congestion
capacities of the processing enterprises and finally to a
high share of import of articles of food.
Productions of domestic commodity producers of
agriculture considerably lost on quality and packing
and were ab le not compete to foreign suppliers
successfully. At times the organization of own
processing of meat, milk and other production there
was no under force to the majority of economy because
of shortage of means and qualified personnel, a
necessity o f high e xpenses for performance of sanitary
requirements, imperfections of tax laws.
Absence of own trading network, creation and
which maintenance not to each enterprise affected was
accessible.
The analysis carried out by us has allowed
revealing the b asic pro blems constraining their
development. For example, low vocational training of
the administrative personnel and a lack of experts, soft
loan reception.
For agricultural products increase there are
problems, for example, insufficient rates of a
dive rsificat ion of areas under crops of agricultural
crops, irrational use of the earths of agricultural
purpose, non -observance of the recommended
scientifically -proved crop rotations, insufficient
development of the seed -growing, insufficient
application of means of chemicalixation (fertilizer,
pesticides etc.). Low productivity of the basic
agricultural crops, discrepancy to requirements of
applied technologies, standards, systems of
certification and quality management of agricultural
production, a lack of works by definition of suitable
territories with a binding to regions, presence of threat
of loss of a genofund of agricultural crops, the weak
account, control and penetration into the country of
especially dangerous harmful organisms, absence in the
fyto sanitory legislation of mechanisms of introduction
of interdictions and restrictions, norms on carrying out
of the analysis of fytosanitory risk, low level of
fytosanitory literacy on carrying out of fytosanitory
actions for struggle against harmful, espec ially
dangerous organisms and actions for localization and
liquidation of quarantine objects, risk increase of
introduction and distributions earlier the quarantine
objects not registered in the Republic of Uzbekistan
with expansion of trading partners and goods t urnover.
Low degree of availability of grants for the majority of
agricultural manufacturers, absence of a binding of
subsidizing to the end result and specialization of
regions, and also low efficiency of the hectarian grants.
It is possible to u nderline and insufficiency of
areas under crops under fodder and fodder cultures,
irrational use of postural grounds, and also shortage of
circulating assets at mixed fodder in the enterprises.
Now are available big probably to solve a number
of problems in area landowners and it is necessary:
- To liquidate incomplete coverage of agricultural
animals ветеринарно preventive actions;
American Scientific Journal № ( 32) / 2019 59
- To pay attention to imperfection of the veterinary
legislation regarding harmonization with the
international requirements ;
- To p rovide in due time regions with means
(products) and attributes for identification of
agricultural animals;
- To capture rural settlements high -speed
qualitative Internet communication;
- To liquidate low degree of availability of grants
for agricu lture commodity producers etc.
Transition to conducting intensive agriculture,
but, wide use of the genetically -modified organisms of
poisonous chemicals, mineral fertilizers, antibiotics
and stimulators of efficiency of animals, but also
negative impact not only on environment and health of
people make on economic and social stability of a
society as a whole.
By means of the maximum us e of bio potential of
soil, plants, animal the organic agriculture is capable to
minimize ecological, social and economi c risks, and
also to give possibility to countrymen to raise level of
the incomes, to improve quality of life.
Manufacture of ecologica l net productions for our
landowners are perspective but while insufficiently
developed that opens for them new possibil ities.
It is an innovative direction, and one of its
problems - preservation of local traditions and culture,
and also use of positive experience of conducting
agriculture.
Reception of organic products is accompanied by
maintenance and improvement of he alth of the soil,
natural ecosystems, minimizes the threats connected
with instability of development, creates conditions for
health and well -being of the population. The national
system of manufacture and a turn of organic production
should be compatible with international and consider
specificity of agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Formation of system of conducting organic
agr iculture does not mean refusal of industrial
agricultural production. Organic and industrial systems
of conducting agric ultural production can effectively
function in parallel each other, being gradually
transformed to such agrarian technology which can
satisfy current and possible requirements for organic
products in the internal and international markets.
Development of manufacture of organic
production is constrained by following problems:
- Absence in the country of own system of
certification of manu facture of organic production.
- Weakness in the country of specialized
laboratories by definition of quality of produc tion.
- Insufficient level of minimization and a reuse of
a waste in the Republic of Uzbekistan agrarian and
industrial complex.
The an alysis of a geographical arrangement of
Uzbekistan, market capacities of agricultural
production, transport availability it is possible to draw
a conclusion that potential commodity markets there
are countries of the Central Asia, Russia, China, Iran,
Afgh anistan and the Turkey and other countries.
Exported products in the lead on volume following the
results of 2018 year a re: fruit -and -vegetable
production - wheat, barley, cotton, corn, cattle -breeding
production - beef, mutton, and fowl.
In the water mana gement branch there are
following problems: Improvement of a technical
condition of water basins, the main and distribut ive
channels of water economic and hydro ameliorative
value; perfection of standard requirements to water
savings and control on use of water resources; current
cost of service in water delivery (tariff) does not meet
the requirements of the effective main tenance,
maintenance service and development of water
economic systems; an unsatisfactory condition of the
account of water and insuffic ient stimulation of water
savings; balance dissociation of an irrigational
infrastructure within one irrigated file; sho rtage of
water basins for accumulation of thawed snow; the
tendency of growth of a material damage from harmful
influence of waters owin g to high waters, flooding,
change of coast of water objects, flooding of territories
by underground waters, bogging and засоления the
earths, water erosion; weak material equipment of the
enterprises for operation of water economic
constructions of state ownership and low efficiency of
repeated and turnaround water consumption in the
industry.
Bibliography
1.Москаленко А. П. , Ревунов Р. В.
, Москал енко С. А. Управление
природопользованием. Механизмы и методы.
Учебное пособие. М.:Издательство Лань , 2019 г.
2.Глухих М. А. , Батраева О. С. . Земледелие.
Учебное пособие Издательство: Издательство
Лань , 2019 г.
Матюк Н. С. . Полин В. Д. , Мазиров М . А.
Основы агрономии. (СПО). Учебник. –М.:
Издательс тво: Кнорус , 2020 г.
3.Ториков В. Е. , Мельникова О. В. . Общее
земледелие. Практикум. Учебн ое
пособие.Издательство: -М.: Лань , 2019 г.
4.Беленков А. И. , Шачнев В. П. , Трофимова Т.
А. Научно -практические приемы
совершенствования обработки почвы. –М,:
Издательство: ИНФРА -М, 2019 г.
5. Охрана окружающей среды: экономика и
управление/ И.И.Дрогомирецкий,
Е.Л.Кантор.Ростов -на-Дону: Феникс: МарТ, 2010. –
392 с.
6. Р. А. Гуляев, А. Е. Лугачев, Х. С. Усманов.
Современное состояние производства,
перераб отки, потребления и качества х лопковой
продукции в ведущих хлопкосеющих странах
мира. – Ташкент. 2017.
7. Ломоносовские чтения -2019. Секция
экономических наук. Экономические отношения в
условиях цифровой трансформации. Cборник
тезисов выступлений
М.: Эконом ический факультет МГУ имени М.
В. Ломоносова, 2019. – 1046 с.
8. Управление природопользованием/ Учебное
пособие
60 American Scientific Journal № ( 32) / 20 19
под ред. С. М. Никонорова, М.В. Палта. М.:
Экономический факультет МГУ имени М.В.
Ломоносова, 2017. - 200 с.
9. "Международный опыт обучения в области
продовольственнойбезоп асности и
продовольственной политики" Под ред. С.В.
Киселева, Е.В. Беловой, М.Д. Жоровой/ Сборник
тезисов Международной научной
конференции . М.: Экономический факультет
МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова, 2016 - 55 с.
10. Экономика и экология: вызовы XXI века.
Меж дународная научная конференция,
посвященная 110 -летию со дня рождения
академика Т. С. Хачатурова/ Под ред. С.Н.
Бобылева, К.В. Папенова, И.Ю. Ховавко. Сборник
тезисов - М.: Экономический факультет МГУ
имени М. В. Ломоносова, 2 016. - 140 с.
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRIC ULTURE IN UZBEKISTAN
Gulamov Saidasror Saidakhmedovich,
Ac ademic, D.Sci., Ph.D. (agricultural sciences), professor
Tashkent agrarian university
Gulamov Saidakhror Saidakhmedovich,
Academic, D.Sci., Ph.D. (econ.), professor
Tashkent agrarian university
Almatova Diloram Saidakhmedovna,
Dr.Sci, Ph.D. (econ.), profe ssor
Tas hkent financial institute
Summary . The agrarian and industrial complex is one of important sectors of economy who forms food and
economic safety of the country. In the Republic of Uzbekistan agrarian and industrial complex has good prospects
for t he furth er development: export positions of a clap amplify, fruit -and -vegetable sector, olive, meat sectors
possibilities created and simultaneously demands much of competitiveness of production, as on internal, and
foreign markets. In article questions of the fur ther development of agrarian and industrial complex of the Republic
of Uzbekistan are considered.
Keywords: economic safety, agrarian and industrial complex, processing of agricultural production,
processing of foodstuff, agricultural manufacture p rocessin g, agricultural products storage.
With a view of increase in volumes of agricultural
manufacture and export development. Processed
agricultural production the maximum coverage of
commodity producers of agriculture by the state
support is provided. The fav orable are created the
conditions and an infrastructure for manufacture and
primary processing and agricultural products storage.
In the past mid -annual rates of increase of volumes
of output of articles of food as a whole were not in time
behind r ates of increase of consumption and population
incomes therefore a free niche in the market it was
filled at the expense of import, and its share in internal
consumption was rather essential. One of current
situation principal causes was backwardness of sy stem
of preparation and advancement of agricultural
production from agriculture commodity producers to
commodity markets, including the enterprises for
processing of agricultural raw materials.
Strengthening of a role of intermediaries in the
realized net works al most completely excluded
interrelation of manufacturers and processing worker of
raw materials. Low procurement prices of agricultural
production did not stimulate increase in their volumes
of output that as a result conducted to a low share of
pro cessing of agricultural raw materials, un congestion
capacities of the processing enterprises and finally to a
high share of import of articles of food.
Productions of domestic commodity producers of
agriculture considerably lost on quality and packing
and were ab le not compete to foreign suppliers
successfully. At times the organization of own
processing of meat, milk and other production there
was no under force to the majority of economy because
of shortage of means and qualified personnel, a
necessity o f high e xpenses for performance of sanitary
requirements, imperfections of tax laws.
Absence of own trading network, creation and
which maintenance not to each enterprise affected was
accessible.
The analysis carried out by us has allowed
revealing the b asic pro blems constraining their
development. For example, low vocational training of
the administrative personnel and a lack of experts, soft
loan reception.
For agricultural products increase there are
problems, for example, insufficient rates of a
dive rsificat ion of areas under crops of agricultural
crops, irrational use of the earths of agricultural
purpose, non -observance of the recommended
scientifically -proved crop rotations, insufficient
development of the seed -growing, insufficient
application of means of chemicalixation (fertilizer,
pesticides etc.). Low productivity of the basic
agricultural crops, discrepancy to requirements of
applied technologies, standards, systems of
certification and quality management of agricultural
production, a lack of works by definition of suitable
territories with a binding to regions, presence of threat
of loss of a genofund of agricultural crops, the weak
account, control and penetration into the country of
especially dangerous harmful organisms, absence in the
fyto sanitory legislation of mechanisms of introduction
of interdictions and restrictions, norms on carrying out
of the analysis of fytosanitory risk, low level of
fytosanitory literacy on carrying out of fytosanitory
actions for struggle against harmful, espec ially
dangerous organisms and actions for localization and
liquidation of quarantine objects, risk increase of
introduction and distributions earlier the quarantine
objects not registered in the Republic of Uzbekistan
with expansion of trading partners and goods t urnover.
Low degree of availability of grants for the majority of
agricultural manufacturers, absence of a binding of
subsidizing to the end result and specialization of
regions, and also low efficiency of the hectarian grants.
It is possible to u nderline and insufficiency of
areas under crops under fodder and fodder cultures,
irrational use of postural grounds, and also shortage of
circulating assets at mixed fodder in the enterprises.
Now are available big probably to solve a number
of problems in area landowners and it is necessary:
- To liquidate incomplete coverage of agricultural
animals ветеринарно preventive actions;
American Scientific Journal № ( 32) / 2019 59
- To pay attention to imperfection of the veterinary
legislation regarding harmonization with the
international requirements ;
- To p rovide in due time regions with means
(products) and attributes for identification of
agricultural animals;
- To capture rural settlements high -speed
qualitative Internet communication;
- To liquidate low degree of availability of grants
for agricu lture commodity producers etc.
Transition to conducting intensive agriculture,
but, wide use of the genetically -modified organisms of
poisonous chemicals, mineral fertilizers, antibiotics
and stimulators of efficiency of animals, but also
negative impact not only on environment and health of
people make on economic and social stability of a
society as a whole.
By means of the maximum us e of bio potential of
soil, plants, animal the organic agriculture is capable to
minimize ecological, social and economi c risks, and
also to give possibility to countrymen to raise level of
the incomes, to improve quality of life.
Manufacture of ecologica l net productions for our
landowners are perspective but while insufficiently
developed that opens for them new possibil ities.
It is an innovative direction, and one of its
problems - preservation of local traditions and culture,
and also use of positive experience of conducting
agriculture.
Reception of organic products is accompanied by
maintenance and improvement of he alth of the soil,
natural ecosystems, minimizes the threats connected
with instability of development, creates conditions for
health and well -being of the population. The national
system of manufacture and a turn of organic production
should be compatible with international and consider
specificity of agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
Formation of system of conducting organic
agr iculture does not mean refusal of industrial
agricultural production. Organic and industrial systems
of conducting agric ultural production can effectively
function in parallel each other, being gradually
transformed to such agrarian technology which can
satisfy current and possible requirements for organic
products in the internal and international markets.
Development of manufacture of organic
production is constrained by following problems:
- Absence in the country of own system of
certification of manu facture of organic production.
- Weakness in the country of specialized
laboratories by definition of quality of produc tion.
- Insufficient level of minimization and a reuse of
a waste in the Republic of Uzbekistan agrarian and
industrial complex.
The an alysis of a geographical arrangement of
Uzbekistan, market capacities of agricultural
production, transport availability it is possible to draw
a conclusion that potential commodity markets there
are countries of the Central Asia, Russia, China, Iran,
Afgh anistan and the Turkey and other countries.
Exported products in the lead on volume following the
results of 2018 year a re: fruit -and -vegetable
production - wheat, barley, cotton, corn, cattle -breeding
production - beef, mutton, and fowl.
In the water mana gement branch there are
following problems: Improvement of a technical
condition of water basins, the main and distribut ive
channels of water economic and hydro ameliorative
value; perfection of standard requirements to water
savings and control on use of water resources; current
cost of service in water delivery (tariff) does not meet
the requirements of the effective main tenance,
maintenance service and development of water
economic systems; an unsatisfactory condition of the
account of water and insuffic ient stimulation of water
savings; balance dissociation of an irrigational
infrastructure within one irrigated file; sho rtage of
water basins for accumulation of thawed snow; the
tendency of growth of a material damage from harmful
influence of waters owin g to high waters, flooding,
change of coast of water objects, flooding of territories
by underground waters, bogging and засоления the
earths, water erosion; weak material equipment of the
enterprises for operation of water economic
constructions of state ownership and low efficiency of
repeated and turnaround water consumption in the
industry.
Bibliography
1.Москаленко А. П. , Ревунов Р. В.
, Москал енко С. А. Управление
природопользованием. Механизмы и методы.
Учебное пособие. М.:Издательство Лань , 2019 г.
2.Глухих М. А. , Батраева О. С. . Земледелие.
Учебное пособие Издательство: Издательство
Лань , 2019 г.
Матюк Н. С. . Полин В. Д. , Мазиров М . А.
Основы агрономии. (СПО). Учебник. –М.:
Издательс тво: Кнорус , 2020 г.
3.Ториков В. Е. , Мельникова О. В. . Общее
земледелие. Практикум. Учебн ое
пособие.Издательство: -М.: Лань , 2019 г.
4.Беленков А. И. , Шачнев В. П. , Трофимова Т.
А. Научно -практические приемы
совершенствования обработки почвы. –М,:
Издательство: ИНФРА -М, 2019 г.
5. Охрана окружающей среды: экономика и
управление/ И.И.Дрогомирецкий,
Е.Л.Кантор.Ростов -на-Дону: Феникс: МарТ, 2010. –
392 с.
6. Р. А. Гуляев, А. Е. Лугачев, Х. С. Усманов.
Современное состояние производства,
перераб отки, потребления и качества х лопковой
продукции в ведущих хлопкосеющих странах
мира. – Ташкент. 2017.
7. Ломоносовские чтения -2019. Секция
экономических наук. Экономические отношения в
условиях цифровой трансформации. Cборник
тезисов выступлений
М.: Эконом ический факультет МГУ имени М.
В. Ломоносова, 2019. – 1046 с.
8. Управление природопользованием/ Учебное
пособие
60 American Scientific Journal № ( 32) / 20 19
под ред. С. М. Никонорова, М.В. Палта. М.:
Экономический факультет МГУ имени М.В.
Ломоносова, 2017. - 200 с.
9. "Международный опыт обучения в области
продовольственнойбезоп асности и
продовольственной политики" Под ред. С.В.
Киселева, Е.В. Беловой, М.Д. Жоровой/ Сборник
тезисов Международной научной
конференции . М.: Экономический факультет
МГУ имени М. В. Ломоносова, 2016 - 55 с.
10. Экономика и экология: вызовы XXI века.
Меж дународная научная конференция,
посвященная 110 -летию со дня рождения
академика Т. С. Хачатурова/ Под ред. С.Н.
Бобылева, К.В. Папенова, И.Ю. Ховавко. Сборник
тезисов - М.: Экономический факультет МГУ
имени М. В. Ломоносова, 2 016. - 140 с.